whatever the ethical merits of the case, that demand will make
itself felt through political pressure of other countries. In such
cases we favor joint action by governments to secure equal opport-
unities for all nationals. If circumstances require that pressure be
brought by one government the end to be sought should be the
opening up of the territory not only to the government bringing
the pressure for its exclusive benefit, but to all nationals. Disregard
of this principle has been the cause of much international friction.
6. Government Co-Operation is Desirable in Securing the Open Door to
Mineral Exploration and Development
To accomplish the purpose outlined in preceding paragraphs,
we urge that the United States Government maintain closer touch
than heretofore with American activities in foreign mineral fields.
This might well be accomplished by using mineral specialists as
diplomatic attaches, consular agents, or agents of the Department
of Commerce, in countries where mineral raw materials play a
large part in our international relations. There should be more
systematic reports to the home government, and more attention
on the part of the home government to the interpretation and corre-
lation of these reports in order to determine which of our foreign
activities in minerals are essential for our national welfare, to
ascertain the force and practical application of the mining laws
of such countries, and to advise and protect American companies
in their operations thereunder. This information should be at the
disposal of such of the citizens as are interested in mining develop-
ments. In short, intelligent co-ordination and supervision of the
problem of foreign mineral materials by qualified and responsible
officials of the home government we believe would be greatly to
our own interest, and at the same time would tend to eliminate
neediess causes of international discord. Other governments have
made significant starts in this type of administration.
In cases of international dispute, and there are many such
relating to minerals, we further suggest the desirability of utiliz-
1 Krahmann, Arbeitsgemeinschaft 161
