SEMAINE D'ÉTUDE SUR LE ROLE DE L’ANALYSE ECONOMETRIOUE ETC. 1097

import licences on account of shortage of foreign currency. This
difficulty can be overcome through a simple plan of gifts in
kind of replacement parts, instruments and equipment, stores,
books and journals and reprints or microfilms of scientific papers
 etc., to be arranged through non-governmental committees
of scientists. Such committees, which can be set up in the
advanced countries through or in cooperation with appropriate
scientific organizations or societies, would try to secure suitable
 grants from Government and other sources. In developing
countries where scientific research has already started, the
counterpart committees of scientists would also be set up, preferably,
 at a non-governmental level and with a majority of
members from universities and non-governmental scientific
mstitutions. All arrangements would be made with the concurrence
 of the government of the less advanced country concerned,
 but decisions relating to gifts for scientific work must
be made by direct consultations between the scientific committees
 themselves. A scheme of this type can be usefully
started, on an experimental basis, for a few selected countries,
at a low cost, with gifts to the total value of perhaps one or two
hundred thousand dollars per year. The amount can be increased
 if the experiment proves successful.

6.5. Another important form of scientific aid would be to
arrange for competent research scientists from the advanced
countries to work for a year or two in existing research units
in the less advanced countries or to help in establishing high
level research units in such countries. The less advanced countries
 can offer challenging problems and opportunities for research
 in many fields of science, which cannot be duplicated
in the advanced countries, for example, in geology meteorology
and geography; biology, botany, and zoology; agriculture;
medical science and public health; economics of development;
linguistics, archaeology; and historical and cultural studies of
various kinds. In some of the developing countries there would

41 Mahalanobis I - pag. 29