The table here presented bespeaks most eloquently 
the fact that the food standards of the bulk of the 
village population which have joined the collective 
farms, the poor and middle peasantry, have advanced 
notably in comparison with the period when they were 
individual landholders, that their standards are al- 
ready approaching those of the petty capitalist entre- 
preneurs, which the mass of peasantry could not have 
attained, of course, if they had remained petty, in- 
dividual landholders. 
IX 
The most important role in large-scale socialist 
production has been played by the so-called “Sovkhoz,” 
or Soviet state farm. The development of these state 
farms has been marked by a gradual and general transi- 
tion from the most rational assimilation of the most 
advanced technical forms found abroad to the crea- 
tion of new models of production, such as are almost 
entirely unknown in the most advanced countries of 
today, or are met in isolated instances only. To 
illustrate this it is sufficient to consider the activity 
of one of the largest state bodies for the organization 
of state farms, the Grain Trust. 
The work of the Grain Trust began in 1928. It had 
organized 55 farms by 1929, 181 by 1930 and, accord- 
ing to estimates, will have organized 230 by 1931. 
The total area of arable land in the 181 farms of 
the Grain Trust amounts to 7,620,000 hectares. The 
farms are grouped according to size as follows: 
Per Cent of Total 
11 
34 
50 
3 
Up to 25,000 hectares CONSEIHULE.....mmmiriiri 
From 25 £0 40,000... isi 
Brom 40 10 BO,000...ummmmmmmmmmmmmmmiomsmmm ono: 
From 80,000 to 100,000... sms: 
Over 100,000... scorns vor 
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