An analysis of the capital structure of a state grain 
farm, will show that a large mechanized enterprise of 
this type is in this respect on a level with modern in- 
dustrial enterprises. 
The fixed capital of the grain farms amount to 5,- 
081,500 rubles; working capital, 1,250,000 rubles, of 
which wages amount to 520,000 rubles. Consequently, 
the percentage of the constant part of the capital to 
the total capital is as follows: 
5,081.54 1,250.0—520.0 
: So emm——wee—i, e., to 91.8 per cent 
5,081.54+1,250 
This is a proportion that may well be compared with 
that found in industrial enterprises that are technically 
more powerful and better equipped, as, for example, 
the “Red Putilov” (Leningrad) tractor and machine 
building plant, where it amounts to about 95 per cent. 
As regards their power base, the grain factories like- 
wise approximate industrial enterprises. The expen- 
diture for fuel per 100 rubles of products in the metal 
industry amounted to 529.8 calories of “standard fuel 
equivalents,” in the textile industry to 103.0, in the 
food industry to 64, and in the state grain farms to 
26'7 calories. 
The state grain farms thus constitute in agriculture 
a type of industrial grain factory sharply distinct 
from the old farms of the landowners and approximat- 
ing modern industrial enterprises, both in regard to 
the composition of the capital invested and to the level 
of technical equipment. 
This is likewise revealed with sufficient clarity by the 
following table showing the items of expenditure enter- 
ing into the cost of agricultural production in the 
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