NEW BRUNSWICK.

25

ing executive and legislative functions. Power was given to
summon an assembly, but such assembly was never called.
In 1820 the island was re-annexed to Nova Scotia’,
The constitution of Nova Scotia, save as expressly altered
by the B. N. A. Act, 1867, remains practically as it was at the
time of the union.
Though Nova Scotia was the first province to propose Confedeconfederation,
 the Government, deterred by the unfavourable ration.
result. of the elections in New Brunswick in March, 1865,
took no step to bring the Quebec resolutions before the
Legislature until 1866, when a resolution in favour of confederation
 was carried by 31 to 15.

8. NEw BRUNSWICK.
The present province of New Brunswick was originally
part of Nova Scotia. In 1784 it was made a separate province,
and in the following year the government was entrusted to a
Governor and a Council possessing legislative and executive
functions with power to call an Assembly of the frecholders®.
The first Governor was Colonel Thomas Carleton, who re- Govermained
 in office until 1803. After he retired the govern- Carleton.
ment was carried on by the President of the Executive Council,
who during the war with the United States was a military
and not a civil officer. In 1818 a regular Governor was
appointed. The Council continued to possess legislative
power until 1832, when a separate legislative Council was Legis.
appointed. The executive occupied a very independent posi- iw
tion, as the territorial revenue of the Crown was sufficient
to defray the expenses of the civil list. The refusal of the
executive to give the Assembly any return of the receipts
and expenditure of the revenues from the Crown lands led

1 See Despatch of Earl Bathurst and Proclamation of Sir James Kempt,
dss. Jour., N. 8., 1841, App.
? See Commission of Gov. Carleton, Can, Sess. Papers, 1888, No. 70,
Pp. 47.