1090 PONTIFICIAE ACADEMIAE SCIENTIARVM SCRIPTA VARIA - 
38 
tific or technical ability, the very process of selection is inef- 
ficient. Some of the young scholars have difficulty in adjusting 
themselves to the pattern of living in the advanced countries. 
Some of them do not do well in their studies. Some pass the 
examinations successfully but have no aptitude for scientific 
work. Some of the more able scholars prefer to live and settle 
down in the advanced countries, especially in the U.S.A., be- 
cause of the higher level of living or greater opportunities for 
scientific work. Some scholars of ability, when they return 
to their own countries, are unable to find suitable openings for 
a scientific career; and some of them go back to the country 
where they were trained. In applied science and technology, 
and especially in social sciences, many young scholars, who 
had often studied problems or learnt methods which are ap- 
propriate for advanced countries but totally irrelevant to their 
own native countries, are unable to adapt or develop methods 
to suit local conditions. Out of the large number of scholars 
who go to advanced countries for training, only a very small 
number of really able scientific workers ultimately become 
available for fruitful work in their own country. The cost of 
giving scientific or technological training in an advanced coun- 
try is also very high. Giving training to individual scholars 
in advanced countries (whether the expenses are provided in 
the form of foreign aid or met by the scholars themselves or by 
the country of origin) have been, therefore, extremely wasteful 
in terms of both men and money. 
4.3. There has been also continuing difficulties in finding 
suitable individual experts for the less advanced countries. 
Competent scientific workers are reluctant to accept such assign- 
ments partly because of the lack of facilities for their own work 
in the less advanced countries and partly because their scientific 
or academic career is likely to be adversely affected through 
their absence abroad. In consequence, assignments sometimes 
have to be given to persons who are not fully qualified for the 
job, with unsatisfactorv results. To create suitable conditions 
‘141 Mahalanobis I - pao. 22