EMPLOYMENT  PSYCHOLOGY,  LABOR,  AND  INDUSTRY  387
due  to  a  large  variety  of  causes  other  than  the  lack  of
education.  Workers  will  continue  to  get  through  and  to
look  for  positions  elsewhere.  The  essential  fact  which
confronts  us  is  not  a  far-off  possibility  but  an  immediate
and  distressing  fact.  Education  has  been  neglected.
Many  jobs  have  become  so  simple  as  to  require  almost
no  education  or  training.  An  enormous  labor  turnover
has  come  into  existence,  not  only  through  and  among  the
unskilled  and  semi-skilled  workers  but  even  to  a  considerable ­
  extent  among  the  skilled  workers  in  the  trades  and
crafts.  The  immediate  and  most  pressing  task  in  the
midst  of  this  great  labor  turnover  is  to  fit,  as  quickly  and
adeptly  as  possible,  the  right  person  to  the  right  place.
This  is  the  task  which  employment  psychology  attempts
to  accomplish.  Employment  psychology,  by  making  it
possible  to  discover  the  inherent  and  acquired  ability  of
an  individual,  makes  it  possible  also  to  assign  the  individual ­
  to  the  kind  of  work  at  which  he  can  most  quickly  and
satisfactorily  succeed.  The  development  and  application
of  tests,  the  standardization  of  observation  and  questions,
the  analysis  of  jobs,  and  the  conduct  of  vestibule  or  training ­
  schools,  are  all  phases  of  employment  to  which  the
technique  of  psychology  may  be  applied.  Moreover,  in
addition  to  selecting  the  right  man  or  woman  for  the
right  place,  employment  psychology  seeks  to  provide  an
objective  and  scientific  basis  by  which  the  success  of
selections  may  be  reliably  estimated.  Without  such  a
basis,  the  entire  method  of  selecting  and  classifying
workers  rests  on  precarious  ground.  In  fulfilling  this
purpose,  employment  psychology  will  greatly  reduce  the
present  rate  of  labor  turnover  and  thereby  render  a
marked  service  both  to  industry  and  to  labor.
There  is  one  aspect  of  employment  work  which  has  as