Their  Relation  to  Higher  Educational  Finance

37

It  is  illuminating  to  examine  conditions  in  some  of  the  individual
institutions  as  shown  in  Table  4.  The  University  of  Arkansas,  for
instance,  asks  no  fees  of  resident  students  in  Arts  and  Science,  Engineering, ­
  or  Agriculture.  Courses  in  Law  and  Medicine,  on  the  other  hand,
are  charged  for,  though  these  fees  are  but  nominal.  The  charges  are
irregulär  and  no  valid  reason  can  be  assigned  for  their  imposition  from  a
scientific  standpoint.  Political  expediency  and  budget  deficits,  no  doubt,
are  the  causes  of  such  a  distribution  of  fees  and  tuition,  and  has  coincided
with  wisdom  in  the  case  of  Arts  and  Science.  Another  interesting  case
is  the  University  of  Wyoming  with  straight  charges  for  residents  and  nonresidents
  in  all  the  different  schools.  As  for  the  lack  of  distinction  made
between  residents  and  non-residents  in  these  institutions,  it  is  not  of  concern
  here,  for  it  is  due  more  to  political  factors  than  to  educational  policies.
The  fact  that  charges  are  the  same  in  all  schools  is  worth  noting  for  the
present  study,  and  with  Wyoming  must  be  included  Wisconsin,  Purdue,
Missouri,  and  Washington  (with  the  exception  of  charges  in  the  Law
School).  The  conclusion  is  self-evident.  In  many  cases  charges  are  not
in  proportion  to  economic  benefits  to  the  individual;  in  a  few  cases  there
seems  to  be  a  tendency  to  make  adjustments  in  this  respect,  such  as,  for
example,  in  Nebraska  and  Michigan,  although  even  in  these  cases  where
the  proportioning  of  charges  between  schools  seems  well-balanced,  there
is  little  upon  which  to  found  a  belief  that  there  is  a  proper  balance  of
charges  between  the  Student  and  the  state.  It  should  be  added  that  in
Arkansas,  Colorado,  Kentucky,  and  Wyoming  there  are  extra  fees  for
laboratorv  courses.  This,  however,  does  not  invalidate  what  has  been
set  forth.
Comparative  Fees  and  Tuitions  in  Private  Institutions
The  same  general  conditions  are  to  be  found  in  the  private  institutions. ­
  In  the  relationship  between  the  Student  and  the  Corporation,  the
former  is  far  from  bearing  his  share  of  the  expense.  He  does,  however,
bear  a  larger  proportion  than  in  the  public  institutions.  This  is  inevitable,
since  private  universities  receive  money  from  the  state  only  in  a  few
instances  and  the  sums  so  received  are  small.  It  may  be  seen  in  Table
5  that  charges  in  the  various  schools  in  private  institutions  bear  no  relation
to  the  economic  value  of  the  training.  In  1924-25  the  fees  and  tuition
Were  as  followS  :  Increase

Fixed  Charges

Since  1900-Engineering



$283

$71

Medicine

275

109

Arts  &  Science

247

163

Law

213

105

Graduate  School

127

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