PART 11.
The guiding principles in livestock improvement are: —
(1) Raise the average standard by culling.
(2) Remove all inferior males.
"Remove at the earliest moment many oxen, all non-breeding
females, ete.
Raise the carrying capacity of country by providing additional
water supplies and enable the land to carry larger types by
reducing the distance stock have to move for water. :
' Establish herds of superior native types in native areas from
which later one might issue improved strains.
(6) Make routine the various protective Veterinary operations.
The first movement would naturally be the imposition of a Stock
Tax, the proceeds being devoted to the general improvement of livestock,
 conditions of reserve and Veterinary action. Livestock work in
Kenya will be a heavy task just as is the reconditioning of a reserve
ruined by the over-accumulation of stock on a restricted area, but if
the native livestock of Kenya is ever to become a real asset some
action must be taken.
For the development of services and European agriculture the
Colony needs nearly half a million workers, for proper cultivation the
native reserves need a population about three times as great as is
living there at present.  Enormously valuable agricultural areas in
native reserves are hardly populated and if populated are treated
pastorally. The development of this Colony requires that the
European shall give of his technical knowledge, his ability to direct,
to economise and to demonstrate the use of all the adjuncts of
civilisation, it demands that the native people wax strong, that they
become agriculturists and that the whole agricultural area of the
Colony be developed and utilised. The way in which it is believed
this will be achieved is education in work through the force of example,
the engendering of ‘‘ needs ’’ in native peoples, the demonetisation
of cattle, and the emancipation of women.
OrcaNisATION OF NATIVE Work: Believing that much may be
saved by the enforcement of simple rules in farming just as on large
estates and ranches a manager directs the use of areas, the varieties of
crops, the periods of harvest and so forth, power has been sought
through the medium of a simple Bill to enable the assets of the
country to be preserved and the quality of production to be improved.
One cannot do better than quote the preamble to a short Bill
designed for the purpose, which was recently passed by the Legislative
Council in this Colony : —
“ This Bill confers powers upon Government actively to
improve the standards of production in the Colony and to forbid
the growth of crops or plants which are known to be deleterious
or in other ways undesirable, also to preserve permanent food
crops from destruction.
** Through it cultural methods calculated to increase produetion
 could be laid down and in order to prevent immature produce
in bad condition being exposed for sale the time of marketing any
particular kind of produce may be specified.

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