Lr. ce. X
New York and Queens County Gas Co. ' Overhead expenses, Metropolitan
Rate case, 310. Water-works, Mass., 44.
Non-agreement of actual with probable New York water-works, 44, 48.
life, 104. Ogdensburg sand filters, 47.
Normal price of metals, 244. Peekskill sand filters, 47.
Notation, v. Pennsylvania Railroad tunnels, 46.
railroad construction, 52.
0 Springfield Water-works, Mass., 47.
Obligation to replace, definition, 24. Springfield, Mass., Ludlow filters, 47.
general explanation, 188. Wachusetts Reservoir, Mass., 48.
Obsolescence, 288. Watertown mechanical filters, 47.
Ogdensburg sand filters, engineering Wisconsin Railroad Commission deexpenses,
 47. cisions, 53.
Oil properties, valuation of (see Mines Owner, agent of the taxpayer, 5.
and oil properties), 237, 255. earnings required, 32.
Operation, determination of the cost of, entitled to share in unearned incre-125.
 ment, 33.
Overbuilt plant, 8o. has right to returned capital, 35.
discussed by Wisconsin Railroad intangible values, his protection, 61.
Commission, 83. proper allowance to, 2.
(see Unused property). public codperation desirable, 150.
Over-capitalization, 6o. responsibility for replacements and
Overhead expenses, Am. Soc. C. E. repair fund, 35.
committee quoted, 43. what he is entitled to obtain, 131.
Boston subways, 44, 45. Ownership of public utilities, 140.
Charles River Basin, Boston, 45.
contingencies, Am. Soc. C. E. comz
 P
mittee quoted, 49.
definition, 28. Panama Canal, illustration of fundaengineering
 expenses, Am. Soc. C. E. mental principle, 8.
committee, 43. Peekskill sand filters, engineering exgeneral
 expenses, Am. Soc. C. E. penses, 47.
committee, 48. Pence, W. D., engineering staff Wisgeneral
 expenses, Metropolitan Water- consin Railroad Commission, on
works, Mass., 49. overhead expenses, 55.
general expenses, New York Water- Pennsylvania Railroad tunnels, enworks,
 49. gineering expenses at, 46.
Hudson River State Hospital, 47. Physical cost, discussed by Wisconsin
included in cost, 42. Railroad Commission, 158.
insurance and risk, Am. Soc. C. E. Physical elements, cost of, 38.
committee, 50. Pipe illustration of replacements, 98.
interest and taxes, 52. . Pocatello Water Company case, no
Ithaca filters, 47. depreciation deducted, 137.
Kennebec Water District, Maine, Police expenses, Am. Soc. C. E. com-46.
 mittee quoted, 49.
Louisville Sewerage Works, Kentucky, Present value, as a starting point in
: rate-fixing, 18, 19, 71.

494
INDF~
46.