70 SEX, CONJUGAL CONDITION, AGE COMPOSITION OF VARIOUS STOCKS 
Table 32 presents the numbers and percentages of males and females for the immigrant 
population by country of birth, and the percentage surplus of males over females. A cur- 
sory glance will reveal two facts. First, that the surpluses of males are much larger than in 
the case of the former tables showing males and females by origin; secondly, that, on the 
whole, large percentages of surplus men come from countries where the corresponding origin 
figures show large surpluses and vice versa. 
For the immigrants born in North Western Europe, there was a 50 p.c. surplus of men, 
as opposed to a 15 p.c. surplus for the total population of North Western European origin 
in Canada. The figures for South, Eastern and Central Europe are 46 p.c. and 26 p.c. respect 
ively, For the Scandinavians, the respective surpluses are 75 p.c. and 31 pe. for the Ger- 
manic group 33 pc. and 9 pec. for the Latins and Greeks 88 p.c. and 51 pc, and for the 
Slavs 38 pec. and 22 pe. In all cases the surplus of males is larger among the immigrants. 
Reverting to the figures for origin, the surplus of males in the Germanic group was only 
9 p.c. Those of Germanic stock have, as we have seen, been longer in the country than 
settlers of any other origin, except British and French. The longer a stock is resident in a 
given area the more equal the numbers of males and females normally tend to become. This 
is brought about in two ways; first, the surplus men tend to marry either natives of the 
adopted country or wives brought from the motherland. Then the numbers of the stock 
increase with the birth of children and the surplus males already in the population consti 
tutes a smaller percentage of the whole. Likewise the surplus of males in subsequent immi- 
gration tends to form a smaller percentage of the total population, for it also is compared 
with an increasing volume of native stock of the same origin. Of course for a time the 
volume of immigration may increase with abnormal rapidity as compared with the numbers 
already resident, but sooner or later it will form a decreasing percentage of the total number 
of a given extraction in the adopted country. All the above factors associated with length 
of residence co-operate to reduce the percentage surplus of males among the Germans in 
Canada, but there is one further influence which is of considerable importance, viz, the sex 
distribution of the current immigration. The surplus of males among the Germanic immi- 
grants is smaller than that in any other linguistic group. 
Among the Slavs we have not only a slightly larger percentage of unattached males in 
recent immigration, but as a group the Slavs are of much more recent arrival, with the result 
‘hat the proportionate surplus of males for the people of Slavic extraction is over twice as 
iarge as for the Germanic stocks. . 
The Scandinavians in Canada show a surplus of 31 p.c. of males over females, while as a 
zroup, though somewhat earlier on this continent than the Slavs, they show a smaller per- 
sentage of Canadian born on account of such large numbers coming from the United States. 
Besides, the recent immigration from the Scandinavian countries has twice as large a per- 
centage of surplus males as immigration from the Slavie group of countries. To be explicit, 
there were 75 p.c. more males than females of Scandinavian birth in Canada in 1021. The 
figure for the Scandinavians is thus explained on the basis of length of residence in Canada 
and the sex distribution of the immigration of these stocks. 
Finally, the Latin and Greek stocks, the most recent arrivals, show a surplus of 51 p.c. 
males. Immigration from those countries has increased in recent years at an abnormally 
mapid rate, and of all immigrants from Europe the surplus of males is the greatest among 
the immigrants from the southern countries. There were almost twice as many foreign 
born males as females from Latin and Greek countries at the time of the last census. 
While it is important to understand the cause of the differences between the numbers 
of males and females of the various stocks in Canada, it is of greater importance to appre- 
ciate the fact that there are differences and very marked differences in respect to sex dis- 
tribution between immigration from the various countries, and, further, that such differences 
are of vital importance to the building up of the Canadian people. If the surplus males 
represent a floating population which will never settle down or which expects to return to 
the motherland after havine made a competence, Canada derives comparatively little benefit 
from such immigration and incurs all the evils and risks of having in the population a large 
body of more or less nomadic males who do not feel the same obligations or loyalty to the 
country as do men who, with their families, make permanent homes here. If the surplus 
of males. on the other hand, consists of men who in due course marry into the population