PART III : 
therefore essential for ginning facilities to be provided in the interior 
within the areas of production and cotton ginners have gradually 
built ginneries throughout the whole of the cotton producing areas. 
Although head porterage of cotton has been practically eliminated, 
except that the growers carry their produce for sale to a ginnery or 
market, internal transport costs are still very high. The use of cattle 
for transport purposes is still extremely restricted, owing either to the 
presence of tsetse fly or the incidence of cattle diseases. The cotton 
crop is therefore transported from the cotton markets and ginneries 
almost entirely by motor transport. This form of transport is efficient, 
but very expensive, and cannot be used over long distances for such 
a low-priced product as cotton seed. 
Many thousands of tons of cotton seed are thus annually 
destroyed at ginneries in the interior, owing to the high costs of 
internal transport. 
To guide the industry along practical lines of development a large 
number of cotton rules have been drawn up and put into operation. 
Many of our tribes which grow large quantities of cotton are very 
primitive and it has been necessary to guide them at every stage of 
the crop’s development. Cotton markets have been established 
throughout the country and every grower of cotton is enabled to 
market his own crop personally and to carry away the results of his 
labours in hard cash. 
The Government has been well repaid for its practical interest in 
the cotton industry; a large annual revenue both direct and indirect 
is collected as a result of this industry becoming firmly established, 
whilst the excise duty on cotton at six cents of a shilling per lb. of lint 
added £216,988 to general revenue last year. 
The main work of the Department of Agriculture consists of: — 
(a) Arranging that all cotton growers are provided with the best 
cotton seed available, free of charge. 
(b) Directing the planting and cultivation of the crop; also picking 
and sorting of the cotton by the growers. 
‘e) Inspection of markets, methods of marketing, inspection of 
ginneries, cotton stores, and methods of ginning and baling, 
and the marking of the bales. 
* Improving and maintaining the quality of the cotton grown, 
and increasing the yield per acre, by the carrying out of 
experimental work in all directions. 
' Encouraging the use of implements and oxen for the 
cultivation of the land. (Four European Ploughing Instructors 
are constantly at work.) 
Encouraging a system of rotation of crops in which cotton and 
food crops are the main crops. This ensures that, whilst the 
area under cotton increases, the food producing areas are 
automatically increased. 
«i Strong control in every direction to keep down insect pests 
and diseases, and to see that all cotton plants are uprooted 
and destroyed every year. 
¢ Mr. MILLIGAN, in thanking Mr. Simpson for his remarks, asked 
if any rotation was practised in conjunction with cotton growing. 
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