DORTMUND. 
183 
The next Table (supplied by the Director of the Municipal Statistical Office, 
and relating to a slightly later date) shows the distribution of that part of the 
population which inhabited tenements of not more than four rooms :— 
No. of Persons in Household. 
1 
2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 or more 
No. of Households occupying 
1 Room. 
2 Rooms. 
3 Rooms. 
4 Rooms 
414 
215 
130 
66 
33 
15 
9 
5 
1 
2 
345 
1,699 
2,506 
1,804 
1,241 
726 
362 
176 
53 
35 
98 
652 
996 
1,051 
971 
766 
509 
326 
166 
96 
47 
263 
303 
345 
274 
262 
175 
96 
66 
49 
It appears from these two Tables that in 1900 about three-quarters of 
the total number of dwellings in Dortmund were of two or three rooms, and 
that a large majority of these were in the occupation of three to five persons. 
The conditions appeared to be substantially the same in these respects in 1905. 
The town is, for the purposes of the building regulations, divided into the 
old town, two other zones, and certain great streets which are also lines of 
communication. In the old town and first zone not more than three-quarters 
of any piece of ground may be built upon, whilst in the second zone and great 
streets the maxima are two-thirds and two-fifths respectively : corner blocks are 
allowed a little more. The maximum height of buildings is proportionate to 
the width of the street. In the old town buildings 23 feet high may be erected 
in a street 13 feet wide or less, and the further proportions are :— 
feet to 26\ feet. 
49J „ 
69 
Height of buildings. 
Width of street. 
13 
261 
49¿ ,, „ 
In the other zones and great streets the figures are :— 
Width of street. j Height of buildings. 
To 36 feet. 36 feet. 
32| feet. 
49^ „ 
494 „ 
to 69 feet. 
36 feet to 49¿ feet. 
4 9¿ feet. 
Over 49¿ feet. ! Equal to width of street. 
The minimum height of rooms in new buildings is 9 feet 9 inches, and of 
attics 8 feet 3 inches ; and there must be one water-closet for every two families. 
The dwellings of the German workmen are as a rule much superior in 
appearance to those occupied by the foreigners who have come into Dortmund 
in such great numbers in recent years. In both cases the rooms are usually very 
plainly, and frequently even very scantily, furnished, but in the dwellings of the 
foreigners there is often a painful lack of cleanliness. In both classes of 
dwellings there is much over-crowding, and an indifference to ventilation ; it is 
not uncommon to see three double-beds in a room so small tnat they leave 
hardly any space to move about. This undue crowding arises partly from the 
heavy cost of dwellings as compared with earnings, and partly from the 
development of the lodger system. The great number of workmen, often (in 
fact generally) unmarried, pouring into the town, and in search of accommoda 
tion, has produced a large lodger-class, which may be divided into two groups 
(a) The “Kostgänger,” who get lodging and board (usually with the family). 
The customary charge for this accommodation is fiom 1 s. id. to Is. 1 ()d. per 
day, or £2 10s. per month. (5) The " Schlafgänger," who get only lodging and 
morning coffee. The “ lodging " here consists often only of a room shared with 
another"lodger, or even with two or three others, and frequently a room is 
shared with" members of the family. The customary charge for such accom 
modation is £1 a month. The evil effects of such conditions—overcrowding 
complicated with this form of the lodger system—are evident both in regard to 
health and morals. The local authorities are doing their best to cope with the 
evil by means of regulations, but are admittedly unable to do more than 
mitigate it slightly.